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| 183_notes:spring_pe [2021/03/18 15:04] – stumptyl | 183_notes:spring_pe [2021/05/25 16:17] (current) – [Energy Flow in a Spring-Mass System] stumptyl |
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| ==== Energy Flow in a Spring-Mass System ==== | ==== Energy Flow in a Spring-Mass System ==== |
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| [{{183_notes:potential_energy.008.png?400|The motion of a horizontal spring-mass system.}}] | [{{183_notes:potential_energy.008.png?400|The motion of a horizontal spring-mass system within a closed system during oscillation.}}] |
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| To determine how the energy flows in a spring-mass system, consider a spring attached to a wall one one end and to a mass that moves horizontally over a frictionless table on the other. If you consider the spring and mass to be the system, then the wall, table, and Earth are in the surroundings. From the energy principle, | \\ |
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| | To determine how the energy flows in a spring-mass system, consider a spring attached to a wall on one end and to a mass that moves horizontally over a frictionless table on the other. If you consider the spring and mass to be the system, then the wall, table, and Earth are in the surroundings. From the energy principle, |
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| ΔEsys=Wsurr | ΔEsys=Wsurr |
| ΔK+ΔUs=Wsurr | ΔK+ΔUs=Wsurr |
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| In this situation, the wall, table, and Earth exert forces, but do they do any work? | Remember, Energy and Work share the unit of Joules (J). In this situation, the wall, table, and Earth exert forces, but do they do any work? |
| * The Earth exerts a force directed downward, perpendicular to the motion. Thus, the Earth does no work on the system. | * The Earth exerts a force directed downward, perpendicular to the motion. Thus, the Earth does no work on the system. |
| * The table is frictionless, so the only force it exerts is perpendicular to the motion. Thus, the table does not work. | * The table is frictionless, so the only force it exerts is perpendicular to the motion. Thus, the table does not work. |
| ΔK=−ΔUs | ΔK=−ΔUs |
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| The energy flows back and forth between kinetic and potential. When the spring is compressed fully, the potential energy is a maximum and the kinetic is zero. As the spring decompresses, the kinetic increases and the potential decreases. As the system goes the the springs relaxed length, the kinetic is a maximum and the potential is zero. All the while the total energy is a constant. This can be visualized in the graph below. | The energy flows back and forth between kinetic and potential. When the spring is compressed fully, the potential energy is a maximum and the kinetic is zero. As the spring decompresses, the kinetic increases, and the potential decreases. As the system goes the springs relaxed length, the kinetic is a maximum and the potential is zero. All the while the total energy is a constant. This can be visualized in the graph below. |
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| {{ 183_notes:mi3e_07-006.png?400 }} | {{ 183_notes:oscillationenergytrasnfer_9.png?400 }} |
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| /* Skipped Neutral Atom Bits */ | /* Skipped Neutral Atom Bits */ |